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Art is organizing the product or the process intentionally article concerns (often with symbolic significance) in a way affected, and one or more of the senses, emotions and intellect. It covers a wide range of human activities, creations, and expressions such as music, literature, film, photography, sculpture and painting. The meaning of art in a branch of philosophy of aesthetics known researches and analyze even disciplines such as history and its relationship to human psychology and générations.Traditionnellement, the term art was used to refer to any skill or mastery. This conception changed during the Romantic period, when art came as “a special faculty of the human mind, to be classified with religion and science” to be seen. Generally, art is with the intention of stimulating thoughts and émotions.ÉvaluationPhilosophe Richard Wollheim distinguishes three approaches taken to assess the aesthetic value of art: the realist, whereby aesthetic quality is an absolute value independent of any human view of the objectivist, where he is also an absolute value, but depends on the human experience in general, and the relativist position, where it is not an absolute value, but depends and varies human experience of different humans. An object can be characterized by the intentions of it, or lack thereof, of its creator, regardless of its apparent purpose. A cup, which can obviously be used as a container can be as art when provided only as an ornament, while a painting may be deemed craft if the product was masse.La category of art from Wollheim has been called “one of the hardest of the traditional problems of human culture “described. It was used as a vehicle for the expression or communication of emotions and ideas, a means for the study and appreciation of formal elements defined for itself and as mimesis or representation. Tolstoy identified art as a use of indirect means to communicate from one person to another. Benedetto Croce and RG Collingwood advanced the idealist view that art expresses emotions, and that the work of art therefore essentially exists in the minds of the creators. The theory of art as form has its roots in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and was developed in the early twentieth century by Roger Fry and Clive Bell. Art as mimesis or representation has deep roots in the philosophy of Aristotle. More recently, thinkers influenced by Martin Heidegger have art as the means by which a community develops for itself a medium for self-expression and interpretation interpreted. DéfinitionBritannica Online defines art as According to this definition of the word artistic works have existed for almost as long as mankind, “the use of skill and imagination in the creation of aesthetic objects, environments, or experiences that can be shared with others.”: From early prehistoric art to contemporary art, but some theories restrict the concept to modern Western societies. Adorno said in 1970: “It will now be assumed that nothing that art can be taken no longer concerns of course are:. Neither art itself, nor art in relationship to the whole, there are not even the right of art” The first and broadest sense of art is the one that is. “crafts” as before the close of the old Latin meaning, which roughly translates to “skill” or A few examples where this meaning proves very broad are artifact, artificial, artifice, medical arts, and military science. However, there are many other uses familiar with the word, all. With some relation to its etymology 20th Century bottle Rwanda. Artistic works may handy function that is in addition to their decorative value.The second and most recent word meaning art an abbreviation for creative art or art. Fine art means that a skill is used to express the artist’s creativity, or engage the audience aesthetic sensibilities, or to draw the audience towards consideration of the good things stand. Often, if the skill test used in a common or practical people, is a job instead of art. Likewise, if the skill for commercial or industrial purposes is used, it will be considered commercial art instead of art. On the other hand, crafts and design are sometimes considered applied art. Some art followers have argued that the difference between fine and applied art has more to do with value judgments about the art than any clear distinction made in the definition. But art often has goals. Beyond pure creativity and self-expression Be the purpose of works of art, to ideas on how political, spiritual, philosophical or artistic motivated to create a sense of beauty (see aesthetics) communicate to. The nature of perception, exploring pleasure, or to generate strong emotions The purpose may also be seemingly inexistante.L art can describe several things: a study of creative skill, a process of using the creative skills, a product of creative skills or the audience experience with the creative expertise. The creative arts (art as discipline) are a collection of disciplines (arts), the works of art (art as objects) that are compelled by a personal drive (art as activity) and echo or reflect generate a message, mood, or symbolism for the viewer to interpret (art as experience). Work can be defined as intentional, creative interpretations of limitless concepts or ideas in order to communicate something to another person. Works can be customized specifically for this purpose or interpreted on the basis of images or objects. Art is something that stimulates an individual thoughts, feelings, beliefs, or ideas through the senses. It is also an expression of an idea, and it can take many forms and serve many different purposes. Although the application of scientific knowledge for a new scientific theory involves skill and results in the “creation” of something new, this represents science only and is not categorized as art. HistoireSculptures, cave paintings, cave paintings and petroglyphs from the Paleolithic Age have been found dated to about 40,000 years, but the exact meaning of this art is often disputed because so little is known about the culture that produced them is known. The oldest objects of art in the world, a number of small drilled snail shells about 75,000 years old-were discovered in a cave in South Africa. Cave painting of a horse from the Lascaux caves, c. 16000 BP.Many great traditions in art have a foundation in the arts is one of the great ancient civilizations: Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, India, China, Ancient Greece, Rome and Inca, Maya and Olmec. Each of these centers of early civilization developed a unique and characteristic of his art. Due to the size and duration of these civilizations, more of their art works have survived and transferred to their influence on other cultures and hours later. Some also have the first records, have asked how artists worked available. For example, this period of Greek art saw a veneration of the human physical form and the development of equivalent skills muscles, balance, to show beauty and focused anatomic proportions correctes.Dans Byzantine and medieval Western Middle Ages, much art on the expression of biblical truths and intangible and styles used, the invisible the greatest glory of a heavenly world, such as the use of gold in the indicated background of paintings, or glass in mosaics or windows, which also presented figures in idealized, patterned (flat) forms. However, it remained a classical realist tradition in small Byzantine works, and realism steadily grew in the art of Renaissance Europe catholique.Art had a significantly greater emphasis on the realistic depiction of the material world and the place of man in it, what is human in the physicality of the body and the development of a systematic method of graphical perspective of the recession in three-dimensional image display space. Stylized signature of Sultan Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire was written in Arabic calligraphy. It reads Mahmud Khan son of Abdul Hamid always victorious.In rejection of the east, Islamic art of iconography is performed. Emphasis on geometric patterns, calligraphy, and architecture Further east, religion dominated artistic styles and forms. India and Tibet saw emphasis on painted sculptures and dance, while religious painting borrowed many conventions from sculpture and tended to bright contrasting colors with emphasis on outlines. China saw the flourishing of many art forms: jade carving, bronzes, ceramics (including the stunning terracotta army of Emperor Qin), poetry, calligraphy, music, painting, drama, fiction, etc. Chinese styles vary from era to era and each is traditionally named after the ruling dynasty. Are, for example, Tang Dynasty paintings monochromatic and sparse, emphasizes idealized landscapes, but Ming Dynasty paintings are busy and colorful, and focus on stories about the setting and composition. Japan names its styles after imperial dynasties, and I also saw a lot of interplay between the styles of calligraphy and painting. Woodcut was important in Japan, after 17 Century. Painting by Song Dynasty artist Ma Lin, c. 1250th 24.8 × 25.2 cm Minimum Western Enlightenment in the 18th Century saw artistic depictions of physical and rational certainties of the clockwork universe, as well as politically revolutionary visions of a post-monarchist world, such as Blake description of Newton as a divine geometer, or David painting propaganda. This led to Romantic rejections of this in favor of pictures of the emotional side and individuality of humans, in the novels of Goethe performed exemplary. The end of the 19th Century then saw a variety of artistic movements, such as academic art, symbolism, impressionism and fauvism among autres.L history of the 20th Century is a narrative of endless possibilities and the search for new standards, each successively destroyed by the other. Thus the parameters of Impressionism, Expressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, Dadaism, Surrealism, etc. can not be maintained well beyond the time of their invention. Increasing global interaction during this time saw an equivalent influence of other cultures into Western art, such as Pablo Picasso was influenced by African sculpture. Japanese woodblock prints (which had themselves been influenced by Western Renaissance artist) had an immense influence on Impressionism and subsequent development. Later, African sculptures were taken by Picasso and to some extent by Matisse. Likewise, the West has a great impact on the Eastern art in the 19th and 20th Century had. With originally western ideas like Communism and Post Modernism exerting a powerful influence on the artistic styles Modernism, the idealistic search for truth gave way in the second half of the 20th Century to a realization of its inaccessibility. Relativism as an unavoidable truth, which was estimated in the period of contemporary art and postmodern criticism, where cultures of the world and the story of how changing forms are seen, led the accepted and can be pulled only with irony. Moreover, the separation of cultures is increasingly blurred and some argue it is now more appropriate to think in terms of a global culture, rather than cultures tends to facilitate intuitive rather than rational régionales.CaractéristiquesArt understanding and awareness usually with that intention [edit] Visual Arts created intentionally serves no other purpose [dubious - discuss] .. After these pulses of art are heavy, a classification refractive experiments because it can be understood in more than one way, and are often prone to many different interpretations. In the case of Géricault’s Raft of the Medusa, is specific knowledge about the shipwreck that the painting depicts is not a prerequisite to estimate, but allows the appreciation of Géricault’s political intentions in the piece. Even art that superficially shows a social event or object, may invite reflection on topics élevées.Traditionnellement the best achievements of art demonstrate a high level of ability or fluid within a medium. This property could be an issue to be considered, since many modern artists (notably, conceptual artists). Not themselves create the works they conceive, or do not even work in a conventional, demonstrative sense Art has a processing capacity: it confers particularly appealing or aesthetically pleasing structures or forms upon an original set of components independently passifs.Formes, genres, media and creative arts stylesLes often divided into specific categories, each related to its technique, or medium, such as decorative arts, visual arts, performing arts and literature. Unlike scientific fields, art is one of the few subjects that are academically organized according to technique [1]. An artistic medium is the substance or material the artistic work is made from, and may also refer to the technique used. Used, for example, a medium used in lacquer painting, and paper is a medium for dessin.Une art form the specific shape or the quality of an artistic expression is found. The media used often influence the form. For example in the form of a tread pattern must in the three-dimensional space exist, and reacts to gravity. Restrictions and limitations of a particular medium are called its formal qualities. To cite another example, the formal qualities of painting are the canvas texture, color and texture brush. The formal qualities of video games are non-linearity, interactivity and virtual presence. The form of a particular work of art is determined by both the formal qualities of the media, and the intentions of the artist. A genre is a set of conventions and styles within a particular medium. For example, the types known in the film comedy western, horror and romantic. Genres of music include death metal and trip hop. Genres in painting include still life and pastoral landscape. A particular work of art may bend or combine genres but each genre has a recognizable group of conventions, clichés and tropes. (A note:. Gender word for second-oldest in painting genre painting was a phrase used in the 17th and 19th centuries to be used specifically to paintings of scenes of everyday life and can still this way) The Great Wave off Kanagawa by Hokusai (Japanese, 1760-1849), colored woodcut style print.The an artwork, artist, or movement is the distinctive method and form followed by the respective art. Any loose brushy, dripped or abstract painting is called expressionistic. Often a style of a historical period, set of ideas, and particular artistic movement linked. Says Jackson Pollock will be capable of having a certain style expressionist abstrait.Parce specific cultural meanings, it is important to be sensitive. On differences in technique Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997) paintings are not pointillist,. Despite his use of dots, because they are not aligned with the original proponents of Pointillism Lichtenstein used Ben-Day dots: they are evenly distributed and create flat areas of color. The points of this type are used for halftone printing, were originally used in comic strips and newspapers to reproduce color. Lichtenstein thus uses the dots as a style to question the “high” art of painting with the “low” art of comics – to comment on class distinctions in culture. Lichtenstein is thus associated with the American Pop art movement (1960). Pointillism is a technique in the late Impressionism (1880), especially by the artist Georges Seurat develops, the points which are arranged to detect differences in color and depth in an attempt to provide busy to paint images were closer to the nature how people really see color. Both artists use dots, but the particular style and technique relate to the artistic movement adopted by each artiste.Ce are many ways to begin to define a work of art in order to reduce it. “Imagine an art critic whose mission is to provide the meanings are to be compared in a variety of individual works of art. How would you do your job? One way to begin is to examine the materials each artist in an article, Picture video or event selected. decision to start a sculpture in bronze, for example, inevitably on its importance is the work of something else that it could get if it had been cast in gold or plastic or chocolate, even if the rest of the artwork is equal remains. then you can consider how to become the materials in each artwork an arrangement of shapes, colors, textures and lines. latter in turn are organized into various patterns and compositional structures. In your interpretation, you would say, as the most important features of the form of contribute to the overall meaning of the finished artwork. [But in the end] the meaning of most artworks … is not exhausted by a discussion of materials, techniques and forms. Most interpretations also include a discussion of the ideas and feelings brings the work of art. “competence and artisanatL’art can a sense of trained ability or mastery of a medium connote. Art can also simply refer to the developed and efficient use of language to meaning with immediacy and or depth to convey. Art is an act of expressing feelings, thoughts and observations. It is understood that with the material because of its handling, which reaches the process of thinking person facilitated. A common view is that the epithet “art”, particular in its elevated sense, requires a certain level of creative expertise by the artist, whether it is both a demonstration of the technical capabilities or an originality in stylistic approach such as in his Shakespeare, or a combination of . Traditionally skill of execution was viewed as a quality inseparable with technology and so necessary for success, such as Leonardo da Vinci, art, neither more nor less than his other endeavors, was a manifestation of skill. Rembrandt’s work, now praised for its ephemeral virtues, most of his contemporaries were admired for his virtuosity. At the turn of the 20th Century were the skillful performances of John Singer Sargent admired alternately and viewed with skepticism for their manual control, but about the same time the artist who recognized most and become iconoclasm outpatient was time Pablo Picasso was his training in traditional academic excellait . Une occurs the common contemporary criticism of some modern art along the lines needed to oppose the apparent lack of skill or ability, the production of the art object. In conceptual art, Marcel Duchamp’s “Fountain” is one of the first examples of pieces in which the artist found objects (“ready-made”) and exercised no traditionally recognized skills set. Tracey Emin’s My Bed, or Damien Hirst’s The Physical Impossibility of Death followed in the spirit of a living person this example and also manipulate the mass media. Emin slept (and engaged in other activities) in her bed before. The result in a gallery as work of art Hirst came up with the conceptual design artwork but has left most of the later development of many works of the craftsmen employed. Hirst’s celebrity is entirely on his ability to produce shocking concepts founded. The actual production in many conceptual works and contemporary art is a matter of assembly of found objects. However there are many modernist and contemporary artists. Surpass continue in the skills of drawing and painting and in creating hands-on works of art Judgment valeurUn little to all this, the word in comparison art is also used to value judgments applied, as in such expressions as “the food was a work of art” (the cook is an artist), or “the art of deception” (the level reached very competence of the fraudsters is rented). It is this use of the word is as a measure of high quality and high value that should the notion of taste subjectivité.Porter value judgments can be a basis for criticism. At the simplest level, a way to determine whether the impact of the object meets the criteria as defined apply to the art, whether it is considered attractive or repulsive. Though perception is always colored by experience, and is necessarily subjective, it is generally accepted that it is not somehow aesthetically satisfying not his technique. However, “good” art is not always or even regularly aesthetically appealing. To a majority of viewers In other words, the main motivation of the artist should not be the pursuit of the aesthetic. Moreover, art is often made terrible pictures for social, moral, or thought-provoking. For example, Francisco Goya’s painting, the third of the Spanish shootings May 1808 is a graphic depiction of a firing squad executing several pleading civilians. But at the same time, shows the terrible images of Goya very good artistic composition and execution and produces fitting social and political outrage. So the debate continues as to what kind of aesthetic satisfaction, if any, are required to define ‘art’. Assumption of new values or the rebellion against accepted notions of what is aesthetically superior should not occur concurrently with a complete abandonment of the pursuit of what is aesthetically pleasing. In fact, often the opposite is true, that the revision of what makes popularly conceived of as aesthetically pleasing a revival of aesthetic sensibility, and a new appreciation for the standards of art. Countless schools have proposed their own ways to define quality, but they all seem to agree on at least one point: once their aesthetic choices are accepted, the value of the artwork is its ability determines the limits of its chosen medium to a universal agreement that rarity of the skill of the artist or his exact mirror image of what you will get over the air strike temps.CommunicationL kind often intended for use and communicate with human emotions. It may aesthetic or moral feelings, and can be used as a way of communicating to understand these feelings. Artists express something so that their audience wakes up to a certain degree, but they did not do it deliberately. Art explores what is commonly called the human condition is essentially what it is to be human. Effective technique often leads to new ideas about the human condition either singly or en masse, which is not necessarily always positive, or necessarily expands the boundaries of collective human ability. The degree of skill possessed by an artist affect his or her ability to trigger an emotional response and thereby provide new insights, the ability to show it to manipulate the will of skill and determination exemplaires.But artL’art a large number of different functions had in Throughout its history, which quantify its purpose difficult to abstract or to each concept. This does not mean that the purpose of Art is “vague”, but he’d be a lot of different reasons, created unique. Some of these functions of Art are provided in the following chart. The different purposes of art may vary according to those who are not motivated, and those who are motivated (Levi-Strauss) are grouped. Functions not motivated not motivated purposes of art Artles those who are an integral part of people to transcend the individual, or do not fulfill a specific external purpose. Aristotle said, “Imitation is an instinct of our nature.” [14] In this sense, art, creativity, something humans naturally have (ie, no other species creates art), and is therefore the ‘utilité.1.Basic human instinct for harmony, balance, rhythm. Art at this level is not an action or an object, but an internal appreciation of balance and harmony (beauty), and therefore an aspect of being human beyond utility. “Imitation is an instinct of our nature. Then there is the instinct for ‘harmony’ and rhythm, meters being manifestly sections of rhythm. Persons, so starting with this natural gift developed degree of their special abilities, their rude improvisations gave birth to Poetry.” Aristotle 2.EXPERIENCE mystery. ‘S Art offers the opportunity to experience in relation to the universe. This experience may often come unmotivated, as an art, music or poetry estimates. “The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science.” Albert Einstein3.Expression imagination. Art provide a means to the imagination not programmatic ways that are not tied to the formality of spoken or written language to express. Unlike words, which come in sequences and each have a specific meaning, art provides a range of forms, symbols and ideas with meanings that are malleable. “Jupiter’s eagle [as an example of art] is not, like logical (aesthetic) attributes of an object, the concept of the sublimity and majesty of creation, but rather something else – something that gives the imagination an incentive to his flight through a variety of representations sisters distributed with more than admits of expression in a concept determined by words meant. offer an aesthetic idea, which serves the above rational idea as a substitute for logical presentation, but to animate with the proper functioning However, the spirit through the opening on the board a perspective in a field of representations of the sisters. about their understanding. “Allows Emmanuel Kant Communication 4.Universal Way to bring the individual things of the world as a whole expressed. [Says who?] Earth Artists. Often create art in remote locations that will never be known by a another person practice of placing a cairn, or pile of stones at the top of a mountain, is an example (. Note: This does not mean a particular view of God or religion). Art created in this. Such a form of communication between the individual and the world as a whole is [citation needed] and symbolic functions 5.Ritualistic. In many cultures, art in rituals, performances and dance is used as a decoration or symbol. While these often have no specific program (motivated) purpose, anthropologists know that they often. A purpose at the level of meaning within a particular culture means that it is not powered by a single individual, but is often the result of many generations of change, and of a cosmological relationship within the culture. “Most scientists with rock paintings or objects from prehistoric contexts again, which can not handle be explained in utilitarian terms and categorizes it as decorative, ritual or symbolic, conscious of the case of” “are made of the term.” Art Silva TomaskovaFonctions motivated artFins motivated art refer to intentional deliberate actions on the part of artists and creators. It can be political change, on an aspect of society comment to convey the emotion or mood, to address personal psychology, to another discipline, illustrate (with commercial arts) to sell a product, or simply as a form of communication .1. Communication. Art, the easiest is a form of communication. Since most forms of communication are directed an intention or target in the direction of another person, it is motivated a target. Art illustration, scientific illustration as a form of art as communication. The cards are another example. However, the content may not be scientific. Emotions, moods and feelings are also communicated through art. “[Art is a set of] artefacts or images with symbolic meanings as a means of communication.” Steve Mithen2.Art as entertainment. Art may seek to bring about a particular emotion or mood, for the purpose of relaxation and entertainment of spectators. This is often the function of the art film and games industries vidéo.3.L ‘avante-guard. Art for political change. One of the features that the art of the early 20th Century is to be defined in order to use visual images to bring about political change. artistic movements that have this goal-Dadaism, Surrealism, Russian Constructivism, and Abstract Expressionism, among others are collectively referred to as avant-garde art. “By contrast, the realistic attitude, inspired by positivism, from Saint Thomas Aquinas to Anatole France, clearly seems to me hostile an intellectual and moral progress. I hate it because it is of mediocrity, hate, and dull conceit is. It is this attitude that today gives birth to these ridiculous books, these insulting. They eat constantly and draws its strength from the press and brutal, both the science and the art of flattering the lowest eager taste. Clarity on the edge of stupidity, a dog’s life “, André Breton ( Surrealism) 4.Art for psychological and healing. Art is by art therapists, psychotherapists and clinical psychologists as art therapy. The series of drawings of the diagnosis, is used for example, to determine the character and emotional functioning of a patient. The end product is not the main goal in this case, but rather a process of healing, through creative acts is sought. The resulting work of art can also help to better understand the problems experienced by the subject and may suggest suitable approaches to be used in more conventional forms of therapy psychiatrique.5.Art for social inquiry, subversion and / or anarchy. While similar technology for political change, subversive or deconstructivist art may seek to represent aspects of society without any specific political goal in question. In this case, the function of art may be simply to criticize some aspect of society. Spray painting graffiti on a wall Rome.Graffiti art and other types of street art graphics and images. Sprayed or stencilled on publicly viewable without walls, buildings, buses, trains, and bridges, usually permit Certain art forms, such as graffiti, may also be illegal when laws (in this case vandalism) 0.6. Breaking nature of propaganda, or commercialism. Art is often used as a form of propaganda, and thus can be used to subtly influence popular conceptions or mood swings. In the same way, art, trying to sell a product, also influences mood and emotion. In both cases, the purpose of art is to subtly manipulate the viewer into a particular emotional or psychological response to an idea or object particulier.Les functions of art described above are not mutually exclusive, as many of them may overlap.
However, there are many other uses familiar with the word, all. With some relation to its etymology
However, there are many other uses familiar with the word, all. With some relation to its etymology
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